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|
# NEWS for Ruby 3.3.0
This document is a list of user-visible feature changes
since the **3.2.0** release, except for bug fixes.
Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.
## Language changes
## Command line options
* A new `performance` warning category was introduced.
They are not displayed by default even in verbose mode.
Turn them on with `-W:performance` or `Warning[:performance] = true`. [[Feature #19538]]
* A new `RUBY_CRASH_REPORT` environment variable was introduced to allow
redirecting Ruby crash reports to a file or sub command. See the `BUG REPORT ENVIRONMENT`
section of the ruby manpage for further details. [[Feature #19790]]
## Core classes updates
Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
* Array
* Array#pack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [[Bug #19150]]
* Dir
* Dir.for_fd added for returning a Dir object for the directory specified
by the provided directory file descriptor. [[Feature #19347]]
* Dir.fchdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified
by the provided directory file descriptor. [[Feature #19347]]
* Dir#chdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by
the provided `Dir` object. [[Feature #19347]]
* Encoding
* Encoding#replicate has been removed, it was already deprecated. [[Feature #18949]]
* Fiber
* Introduce Fiber#kill. [[Bug #595]]
```ruby
fiber = Fiber.new do
while true
puts "Yielding..."
Fiber.yield
end
ensure
puts "Exiting..."
end
fiber.resume
# Yielding...
fiber.kill
# Exiting...
```
* MatchData
* MatchData#named_captures now accepts optional `symbolize_names`
keyword. [[Feature #19591]]
* Module
* Module#set_temporary_name added for setting a temporary name for a
module. [[Feature #19521]]
* ObjectSpace::WeakKeyMap
* New core class to build collections with weak references.
The class use equality semantic to lookup keys like a regular hash,
but it doesn't hold strong references on the keys. [[Feature #18498]]
* ObjectSpace::WeakMap
* `ObjectSpace::WeakMap#delete` was added to eagerly clear weak map
entries. [[Feature #19561]]
* Proc
* Now Proc#dup and Proc#clone call `#initialize_dup` and `#initialize_clone`
hooks respectively. [[Feature #19362]]
* Process
* New `Process.warmup` method that notify the Ruby virtual machine that the boot sequence is finished,
and that now is a good time to optimize the application. This is useful
for long-running applications. The actual optimizations performed are entirely
implementation-specific and may change in the future without notice. [[Feature #18885]]
* Process::Status
* Process::Status#& and Process::Status#>> are deprecated. [[Bug #19868]]
* Queue
* Queue#freeze now raises TypeError. [[Bug #17146]]
* Range
* Range#reverse_each can now process beginless ranges with an Integer endpoint. [[Feature #18515]]
* Range#reverse_each now raises TypeError for endless ranges. [[Feature #18551]]
* Range#overlap? added for checking if two ranges overlap. [[Feature #19839]]
* Refinement
* Add Refinement#target as an alternative of Refinement#refined_class.
Refinement#refined_class is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby
3.4. [[Feature #19714]]
* SizedQueue
* SizedQueue#freeze now raises TypeError. [[Bug #17146]]
* String
* String#unpack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [[Bug #19150]]
* String#bytesplice now accepts new arguments index/length or range of the
source string to be copied. [[Feature #19314]]
* TracePoint
* TracePoint supports `rescue` event. When the raised exception was rescued,
the TracePoint will fire the hook. `rescue` event only supports Ruby-level
`rescue`. [[Feature #19572]]
## Stdlib updates
* RubyGems and Bundler warn if users do `require` the following gems without adding them to Gemfile or gemspec.
This is because they will become the bundled gems in the future version of Ruby.
[[Feature #19351]] [[Feature #19776]] [[Feature #19843]]
* abbrev
* base64
* bigdecimal
* csv
* drb
* getoptlong
* mutex_m
* nkf
* observer
* racc
* resolv-replace
* rinda
* syslog
* Socket#recv and Socket#recv_nonblock returns `nil` instead of an empty string on closed
connections. Socket#recvmsg and Socket#recvmsg_nonblock returns `nil` instead of an empty packet on closed
connections. [[Bug #19012]]
* Name resolution such as `Socket.getaddrinfo`, `Socket.getnameinfo`, `Addrinfo.getaddrinfo`, etc.
can now be interrupted. [[Feature #19965]]
* Random::Formatter#alphanumeric is extended to accept optional `chars`
keyword argument. [[Feature #18183]]
The following default gem is added.
* prism 0.18.0
The following default gems are updated.
* RubyGems 3.5.0.dev
* base64 0.2.0
* benchmark 0.3.0
* bigdecimal 3.1.5
* bundler 2.5.0.dev
* cgi 0.4.1
* csv 3.2.8
* date 3.3.4
* delegate 0.3.1
* drb 2.2.0
* english 0.8.0
* erb 4.0.3
* etc 1.4.3.dev.1
* fcntl 1.1.0
* fiddle 1.1.2
* fileutils 1.7.2
* find 0.2.0
* getoptlong 0.2.1
* io-console 0.6.1.dev.1
* irb 1.10.1
* json 2.7.1
* logger 1.6.0
* mutex_m 0.2.0
* net-http 0.4.0
* net-protocol 0.2.2
* nkf 0.1.3
* observer 0.1.2
* open-uri 0.4.1
* open3 0.2.0
* openssl 3.2.0
* optparse 0.4.0
* ostruct 0.6.0
* pathname 0.3.0
* pp 0.5.0
* prettyprint 0.2.0
* pstore 0.1.3
* psych 5.1.1.1
* rdoc 6.6.1
* reline 0.4.0
* rinda 0.2.0
* securerandom 0.3.0
* set 1.0.4
* shellwords 0.2.0
* singleton 0.2.0
* stringio 3.1.1
* strscan 3.0.8
* syntax_suggest 1.1.0
* tempfile 0.2.1
* time 0.3.0
* timeout 0.4.1
* tmpdir 0.2.0
* tsort 0.2.0
* un 0.3.0
* uri 0.13.0
* weakref 0.1.3
* win32ole 1.8.10
* yaml 0.3.0
* zlib 3.1.0
The following bundled gem is promoted from default gems.
* racc 1.7.3
The following bundled gems are updated.
* minitest 5.20.0
* rake 13.1.0
* test-unit 3.6.1
* rexml 3.2.6
* rss 0.3.0
* net-ftp 0.3.0
* net-imap 0.4.7
* net-smtp 0.4.0
* rbs 3.3.2
* typeprof 0.21.8
* debug 1.8.0
See GitHub releases like [Logger](https://github.com/ruby/logger/releases) or
changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.
## Supported platforms
## Compatibility issues
* Subprocess creation/forking via the following file open methods is deprecated. [[Feature #19630]]
* Kernel#open
* URI.open
* IO.binread
* IO.foreach
* IO.readlines
* IO.read
* IO.write
* When given a non-lambda, non-literal block, Kernel#lambda with now raises
ArgumentError instead of returning it unmodified. These usages have been
issuing warnings under the `Warning[:deprecated]` category since Ruby 3.0.0.
[[Feature #19777]]
* The `RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS` environment variable has been deprecated and
removed. Environment variables `RUBY_GC_HEAP_%d_INIT_SLOTS` should be
used instead. [[Feature #19785]]
* `it` calls without arguments in a block with no ordinary parameters are
deprecated. `it` will be a reference to the first block parameter in Ruby 3.4.
[[Feature #18980]]
## Stdlib compatibility issues
* `racc` is promoted to bundled gems.
* You need to add `racc` to your `Gemfile` if you use `racc` under bundler environment.
* `ext/readline` is retired
* We have `reline` that is pure Ruby implementation compatible with `ext/readline` API. We rely on `reline` in the future. If you need to use `ext/readline`, you can install `ext/readline` via rubygems.org with `gem install readline-ext`.
* We no longer need to install libraries like `libreadline` or `libedit`.
## C API updates
## Implementation improvements
* `defined?(@ivar)` is optimized with Object Shapes.
### GC
* Major performance improvements over 3.2
* Young objects referenced by old objects are no longer immediately
promoted to the old generation. This significantly reduces the frequency of
major GC collections. [[Feature #19678]]
* A new `REMEMBERED_WB_UNPROTECTED_OBJECTS_LIMIT_RATIO` tuning variable was
introduced to control the number of unprotected objects cause a major GC
collection to trigger. The default is set to `0.01` (1%). This significantly
reduces the frequency of major GC collection. [[Feature #19571]]
* Write Barriers were implemented for many core types that were missing them,
notably `Time`, `Enumerator`, `MatchData`, `Method`, `File::Stat`, `BigDecimal`
and several others. This significantly reduces minor GC collection time and major
GC collection frequency.
* Most core classes are now using Variable Width Allocation, notably `Hash`, `Time`,
`Thread::Backtrace`, `Thread::Backtrace::Location`, `File::Stat`, `Method`.
This makes these classes faster to allocate and free, use less memory and reduce
heap fragmentation.
### YJIT
* Major performance improvements over 3.2
* Support for splat and rest arguments has been improved.
* Registers are allocated for stack operations of the virtual machine.
* More calls with optional arguments are compiled.
* Exception handlers are also compiled.
* Instance variables no longer exit to the interpreter
with megamorphic object shapes.
* Unsupported call types no longer exit to the interpreter.
* `Integer#!=`, `String#!=`, `Kernel#block_given?`, `Kernel#is_a?`,
`Kernel#instance_of?`, `Module#===` are specially optimized.
* Now more than 3x faster than the interpreter on optcarrot!
* Significantly improved memory usage over 3.2
* Metadata for compiled code uses a lot less memory.
* Generate more compact code on ARM64
* Compilation speed is now slightly faster than 3.2.
* Add `RubyVM::YJIT.enable` that can enable YJIT later
* You can start YJIT without modifying command-line arguments or environment variables.
* This can also be used to enable YJIT only once your application is
done booting. `--yjit-disable` can be used if you want to use other
YJIT options while disabling YJIT at boot.
* Code GC now disabled by default, with `--yjit-exec-mem-size` treated as a hard limit
* Can produce better copy-on-write behavior on forking web servers such as `unicorn`
* Use the `--yjit-code-gc` option to automatically run code GC when YJIT reaches the size limit
* `ratio_in_yjit` stat produced by `--yjit-stats` is now available in release builds,
a special stats or dev build is no longer required to access most stats.
* Exit tracing option now supports sampling
* `--trace-exits-sample-rate=N`
* More thorough testing and multiple bug fixes
* `--yjit-stats=quiet` is added to avoid printing stats on exit.
* `--yjit-perf` is added to facilitate profiling with Linux perf.
### MJIT
* MJIT is removed.
* `--disable-jit-support` is removed. Consider using `--disable-yjit --disable-rjit` instead.
### RJIT
* Introduced a pure-Ruby JIT compiler RJIT.
* RJIT supports only x86\_64 architecture on Unix platforms.
* Unlike MJIT, it doesn't require a C compiler at runtime.
* RJIT exists only for experimental purposes.
* You should keep using YJIT in production.
### M:N Thread scheduler
* M:N Thread scheduler is introduced. [[Feature #19842]]
* Background: Ruby 1.8 and before, M:1 thread scheduler (M Ruby threads
with 1 native thread. Called as User level threads or Green threads)
is used. Ruby 1.9 and later, 1:1 thread scheduler (1 Ruby thread with
1 native thread). M:1 threads takes lower resources compare with 1:1
threads because it needs only 1 native threads. However it is difficult
to support context switching for all of blocking operation so 1:1
threads are employed from Ruby 1.9. M:N thread scheduler uses N native
threads for M Ruby threads (N is small number in general). It doesn't
need same number of native threads as Ruby threads (similar to the M:1
thread scheduler). Also our M:N threads supports blocking operations
well same as 1:1 threads. See the ticket for more details.
Our M:N thread scheduler refers on the goroutine scheduler in the
Go language.
* In a ractor, only 1 thread can run in a same time because of
implementation. Therefore, applications that use only one Ractor
(most applications) M:N thread scheduler works as M:1 thread scheduler
with further extension from Ruby 1.8.
* M:N thread scheduler can introduce incompatibility for C-extensions,
so it is disabled by default on the main Ractors.
`RUBY_MN_THREADS=1` environment variable will enable it.
On non-main Ractors, M:N thread scheduler is enabled (and can not
disable it now).
* `N` (the number of native threads) can be specified with `RUBY_MAX_CPU`
environment variable. The default is 8.
Note that more than `N` native threads are used to support many kind of
blocking operations.
[Bug #595]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/595
[Bug #17146]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17146
[Feature #18183]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18183
[Feature #18498]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18498
[Feature #18515]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18515
[Feature #18551]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18551
[Feature #18885]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18885
[Feature #18949]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18949
[Feature #18980]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18980
[Bug #19012]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19012
[Bug #19150]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19150
[Feature #19314]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19314
[Feature #19347]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19347
[Feature #19351]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19351
[Feature #19362]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19362
[Feature #19521]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19521
[Feature #19538]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19538
[Feature #19561]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19561
[Feature #19571]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19571
[Feature #19572]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19572
[Feature #19591]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19591
[Feature #19630]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19630
[Feature #19678]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19678
[Feature #19714]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19714
[Feature #19776]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19776
[Feature #19777]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19777
[Feature #19785]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19785
[Feature #19790]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19790
[Feature #19839]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19839
[Feature #19842]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19842
[Feature #19843]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19843
[Bug #19868]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19868
[Feature #19965]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19965
|
