frame: create subclasses for each frame type

This improves code readability.

14 files changed, 132 insertions, 154 deletions

diff --git a/test/plum/client/test_upgrade_client_session.rb b/test/plum/client/test_upgrade_client_session.rb
index 3cc97b4..446462c 100644
--- a/test/plum/client/test_upgrade_client_session.rb
+++ b/test/plum/client/test_upgrade_client_session.rb
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ class UpgradeClientSessionTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_request
     sock = StringSocket.new("HTTP/1.1 101\r\n\r\n")
     session = UpgradeClientSession.new(sock, Client::DEFAULT_CONFIG)
-    sock.rio.string << Frame.settings().assemble
-    sock.rio.string << Frame.settings(:ack).assemble
+    sock.rio.string << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
+    sock.rio.string << Frame::Settings.new(:ack).assemble
     res = session.request({ ":method" => "GET", ":path" => "/aa" }, "aa", {})
-    sock.rio.string << Frame.headers(3, HPACK::Encoder.new(3).encode(":status" => "200", "content-length" => "3"), end_headers: true).assemble
-    sock.rio.string << Frame.data(3, "aaa", end_stream: true).assemble
+    sock.rio.string << Frame::Headers.new(3, HPACK::Encoder.new(3).encode(":status" => "200", "content-length" => "3"), end_headers: true).assemble
+    sock.rio.string << Frame::Data.new(3, "aaa", end_stream: true).assemble
     session.succ until res.finished?
     assert(res.finished?)
     assert_equal("aaa", res.body)
diff --git a/test/plum/connection/test_handle_frame.rb b/test/plum/connection/test_handle_frame.rb
index 704c128..ca4ef18 100644
--- a/test/plum/connection/test_handle_frame.rb
+++ b/test/plum/connection/test_handle_frame.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_handle_settings
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_equal(4096, con.remote_settings[:header_table_size])
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: "\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10").assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: "\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10").assemble
       assert_equal(0x1010, con.remote_settings[:header_table_size])
     }
   end
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_handle_settings
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_no_error {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, flags: [:ack], payload: "").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, flags: [:ack], payload: "").assemble
       }
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, flags: [:ack], payload: "\x00").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, flags: [:ack], payload: "\x00").assemble
       }
     }
   end
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_handle_settings_invalid
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_no_error {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: "\xff\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: "\xff\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10").assemble
       }
     }
   end
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   ## PING
   def test_server_handle_ping
     open_server_connection { |con|
-      con << Frame.new(type: :ping, flags: [], stream_id: 0, payload: "AAAAAAAA").assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :ping, flags: [], stream_id: 0, payload: "AAAAAAAA").assemble
       last = sent_frames.last
       assert_equal(:ping, last.type)
       assert_equal([:ack], last.flags)
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_handle_ping_error
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :ping, stream_id: 0, payload: "A" * 7).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :ping, stream_id: 0, payload: "A" * 7).assemble
       }
     }
   end
 
   def test_server_handle_ping_ack
     open_server_connection { |con|
-      con << Frame.new(type: :ping, flags: [:ack], stream_id: 0, payload: "A" * 8).assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :ping, flags: [:ack], stream_id: 0, payload: "A" * 8).assemble
       last = sent_frames.last
       refute_equal(:ping, last.type) if last
     }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class ServerConnectionHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_no_error {
         begin
-          con << Frame.goaway(1, :stream_closed).assemble
+          con << Frame::Goaway.new(1, :stream_closed).assemble
         rescue LocalHTTPError
         end
       }
diff --git a/test/plum/server/test_connection.rb b/test/plum/server/test_connection.rb
index 87e1893..ccc9dae 100644
--- a/test/plum/server/test_connection.rb
+++ b/test/plum/server/test_connection.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class HTTPSConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
     con = ServerConnection.new(StringIO.new.method(:write))
     con << Connection::CLIENT_CONNECTION_PREFACE
     assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update, stream_id: 0, payload: "".push_uint32(1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(0, 1).assemble
     }
   end
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class HTTPSConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_no_error {
       con << magic[0...5]
       con << magic[5..-1]
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
     }
   end
 
@@ -57,10 +57,9 @@ class HTTPSConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
             end
           }
         }
+      rescue Errno::EPIPE
       rescue Timeout::Error
         flunk "server timeout"
-      rescue => e
-        flunk e
       ensure
         tcp_server.close
       end
@@ -75,16 +74,14 @@ class HTTPSConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
         ssl = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.new(sock, ctx)
         ssl.connect
         ssl.write Connection::CLIENT_CONNECTION_PREFACE
-        ssl.write Frame.settings.assemble
-        sleep
-      rescue => e
-        flunk e
+        ssl.write Frame::Settings.new.assemble
+      rescue Errno::EPIPE
       ensure
         sock.close
       end
     }
     server_thread.join
-    client_thread.kill
+    client_thread.join
 
     flunk "test not run" unless run
   end
diff --git a/test/plum/server/test_http_connection.rb b/test/plum/server/test_http_connection.rb
index 1326deb..e03523b 100644
--- a/test/plum/server/test_http_connection.rb
+++ b/test/plum/server/test_http_connection.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class HTTPConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
     con = HTTPServerConnection.new(io.method(:write))
     con << Connection::CLIENT_CONNECTION_PREFACE
     assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update, stream_id: 0, payload: "".push_uint32(1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(0, 1).assemble
     }
   end
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class HTTPConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_no_error {
       con << magic[0...5]
       con << magic[5..-1]
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
     }
   end
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class HTTPConnectionNegotiationTest < Minitest::Test
     assert(io.string.include?("HTTP/1.1 101 "), "Response is not HTTP/1.1 101: #{io.string}")
     assert_no_error {
       con << Connection::CLIENT_CONNECTION_PREFACE
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
     }
     assert_equal(:half_closed_remote, con.streams[1].state)
     assert_equal({ ":method" => "GET", ":path" => "/", ":authority" => "rhe.jp", "user-agent" => "nya"}, heads)
diff --git a/test/plum/stream/test_handle_frame.rb b/test/plum/stream/test_handle_frame.rb
index 2c14c26..6defb82 100644
--- a/test/plum/stream/test_handle_frame.rb
+++ b/test/plum/stream/test_handle_frame.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_new_stream(state: :open) { |stream|
       data = nil
       stream.connection.on(:data) { |_, _data| data = _data }
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [], payload: payload))
       assert_equal(payload, data)
     }
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_new_stream(state: :open) { |stream|
       data = nil
       stream.connection.on(:data) { |_, _data| data = _data }
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:padded], payload: "".push_uint8(6).push(payload).push("\x00"*6)))
       assert_equal(payload, data)
     }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     payload = "ABC" * 5
     open_new_stream(state: :open) { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
                                        flags: [:padded], payload: "".push_uint8(100).push(payload).push("\x00"*6)))
       }
     }
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_handle_data_end_stream
     payload = "ABC" * 5
     open_new_stream(state: :open) { |stream|
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_stream], payload: payload))
       assert_equal(:half_closed_remote, stream.state)
     }
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     payload = "ABC" * 5
     open_new_stream(state: :half_closed_remote) { |stream|
       assert_stream_error(:stream_closed) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: stream.id,
                                        flags: [:end_stream], payload: payload))
       }
     }
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
       stream.connection.on(:headers) { |_, _headers|
         headers = _headers
       }
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_headers],
                                      payload: HPACK::Encoder.new(0).encode([[":path", "/"]])))
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
       stream.connection.on(:headers) { |_, _headers|
         headers = _headers
       }
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_stream],
                                      payload: payload[0..4]))
       assert_equal(nil, headers) # wait CONTINUATION
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :continuation,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :continuation,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_headers],
                                      payload: payload[5..-1]))
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
       stream.connection.on(:headers) { |_, _headers|
         headers = _headers
       }
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_headers, :padded],
                                      payload: "".push_uint8(payload.bytesize).push(payload).push("\x00"*payload.bytesize)))
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       payload = HPACK::Encoder.new(0).encode([[":path", "/"]])
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                        stream_id: stream.id,
                                        flags: [:end_headers, :padded],
                                        payload: "".push_uint8(payload.bytesize+1).push(payload).push("\x00"*(payload.bytesize+1))))
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       payload = "\x00\x01\x02"
       assert_connection_error(:compression_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                        stream_id: stream.id,
                                        flags: [:end_headers],
                                        payload: payload))
@@ -135,17 +135,17 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     _payload = HPACK::Encoder.new(0).encode([[":path", "/"]])
     open_new_stream(state: :reserved_local) { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
       }
     }
     open_new_stream(state: :closed) { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:stream_closed) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
       }
     }
     open_new_stream(state: :half_closed_remote) { |stream|
       assert_stream_error(:stream_closed) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers, stream_id: stream.id, flags: [:end_headers, :end_stream], payload: _payload))
       }
     }
   end
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
       payload = "".push_uint32((1 << 31) | parent.id)
                   .push_uint8(50)
         .push(header_block)
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :headers,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :headers,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      flags: [:end_headers, :priority],
                                      payload: payload))
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
 
       payload = "".push_uint32((1 << 31) | parent.id)
                   .push_uint8(50)
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :priority,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :priority,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      payload: payload))
       assert_equal(true, stream.exclusive)
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
     open_server_connection { |con|
       stream = open_new_stream(con)
       payload = "".push_uint32((0 << 31) | stream.id).push_uint8(6)
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :priority,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :priority,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      payload: payload))
       last = sent_frames.last
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
       stream2 = open_new_stream(con, parent: parent)
 
       payload = "".push_uint32((1 << 31) | parent.id).push_uint8(6)
-      stream0.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :priority,
+      stream0.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :priority,
                                       stream_id: stream0.id,
                                       payload: payload))
       assert_equal(parent, stream0.parent)
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_handle_frame_size_error
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       assert_stream_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :priority,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :priority,
                                        stream_id: stream.id,
                                        payload: "\x00"))
       }
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   ## RST_STREAM
   def test_stream_handle_rst_stream
     open_new_stream(state: :reserved_local) { |stream|
-      stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :rst_stream,
+      stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :rst_stream,
                                      stream_id: stream.id,
                                      payload: "\x00\x00\x00\x00"))
       assert_equal(:closed, stream.state)
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_handle_rst_stream_idle
     open_new_stream(state: :idle) { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :rst_stream,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :rst_stream,
                                        stream_id: stream.id,
                                        payload: "\x00\x00\x00\x00"))
       }
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ class StreamHandleFrameTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_handle_rst_stream_frame_size
     open_new_stream(state: :reserved_local) { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :rst_stream,
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame.craft(type: :rst_stream,
                                        stream_id: stream.id,
                                        payload: "\x00\x00\x00"))
       }
diff --git a/test/plum/test_connection.rb b/test/plum/test_connection.rb
index fad70b4..a28672b 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_connection.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_connection.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ using Plum::BinaryString
 
 class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_must_raise_frame_size_error_when_exeeeded_max_size
-    _settings = "".push_uint16(Frame::SETTINGS_TYPE[:max_frame_size]).push_uint32(2**14)
+    _settings = "".push_uint16(Frame::Settings::SETTINGS_TYPE[:max_frame_size]).push_uint32(2**14)
     limit = 2 ** 14
 
     new_con = -> (&blk) {
@@ -15,23 +15,23 @@ class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
 
     new_con.call { |con|
       assert_no_error {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: _settings * (limit / 6)).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: _settings * (limit / 6)).assemble
       }
     }
     new_con.call { |con|
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: _settings * (limit / 6 + 1)).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, payload: _settings * (limit / 6 + 1)).assemble
       }
     }
     new_con.call { |con|
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :headers, stream_id: 3, payload: "\x00" * (limit + 1)).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, stream_id: 3, payload: "\x00" * (limit + 1)).assemble
       }
     }
     new_con.call { |con|
       assert_stream_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :headers, stream_id: 3, flags: [:end_headers], payload: "").assemble
-        con << Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: 3, payload: "\x00" * (limit + 1)).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, stream_id: 3, flags: [:end_headers], payload: "").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: 3, payload: "\x00" * (limit + 1)).assemble
       }
     }
   end
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
     [:data, :headers, :priority, :rst_stream, :push_promise, :continuation].each do |type|
       con = open_server_connection
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: type, stream_id: 0).assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: type, stream_id: 0).assemble
       }
     end
   end
@@ -56,39 +56,39 @@ class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_server_raise_cprotocol_error_client_start_even_stream_id
     con = open_server_connection
     assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-      con << Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 2).assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 2).assemble
     }
   end
 
   def test_server_raise_cprotocol_error_client_start_small_stream_id
     con = open_server_connection
-    con << Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 51).assemble
+    con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 51).assemble
     assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-      con << Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 31).assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 31).assemble
     }
   end
 
   def test_server_raise_cprotocol_error_invalid_continuation_state
     prepare = -> &blk {
       con = open_server_connection
-      con << Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 1).assemble
-      con << Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:end_stream], stream_id: 3).assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 1).assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:end_stream], stream_id: 3).assemble
       blk.call(con)
     }
 
     prepare.call { |con|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: 1, payload: "hello").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: 1, payload: "hello").assemble
       }
     }
     prepare.call { |con|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        con << Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: 3, payload: "hello").assemble
+        con << Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: 3, payload: "hello").assemble
       }
     }
     prepare.call { |con|
       assert_equal(:waiting_continuation, con.state)
-      con << Frame.new(type: :continuation, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 3, payload: "").assemble
+      con << Frame.craft(type: :continuation, flags: [:end_headers], stream_id: 3, payload: "").assemble
       assert_equal(:open, con.state)
     }
   end
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_connection_local_error
     open_server_connection { |con|
       assert_raises(LocalConnectionError) {
-        con << Frame.goaway(0, :frame_size_error).assemble
+        con << Frame::Goaway.new(0, :frame_size_error).assemble
       }
     }
   end
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class ConnectionTest < Minitest::Test
     io = StringIO.new
     con = Connection.new(io.method(:write))
     fs = parse_frames(io) {
-      con.__send__(:send_immediately, Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: 1, payload: "a"*16385))
+      con.__send__(:send_immediately, Frame.craft(type: :data, stream_id: 1, payload: "a"*16385))
     }
     assert_equal(2, fs.size)
     assert_equal(16384, fs.first.length)
diff --git a/test/plum/test_connection_utils.rb b/test/plum/test_connection_utils.rb
index 1147dd3..785c74c 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_connection_utils.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_connection_utils.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class ServerConnectionUtilsTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_server_goaway
     open_server_connection { |con|
-      con << Frame.headers(3, "", end_stream: true, end_headers: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::Headers.new(3, "", end_stream: true, end_headers: true).assemble
       con.goaway(:stream_closed)
 
       last = sent_frames.last
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ class ServerConnectionUtilsTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_push_enabled
     open_server_connection { |con|
-      con << Frame.settings(enable_push: 0).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(enable_push: 0).assemble
       assert_equal(false, con.push_enabled?)
-      con << Frame.settings(enable_push: 1).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(enable_push: 1).assemble
       assert_equal(true, con.push_enabled?)
     }
   end
diff --git a/test/plum/test_flow_control.rb b/test/plum/test_flow_control.rb
index 316361c..38958b7 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_flow_control.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_flow_control.rb
@@ -32,9 +32,7 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_flow_control_window_update_zero
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       assert_stream_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                                       stream_id: stream.id,
-                                       payload: "".push_uint32(0))
+        stream.receive_frame Frame::WindowUpdate.new(stream.id, 0)
       }
     }
   end
@@ -42,9 +40,9 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_flow_control_window_update_frame_size
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                                       stream_id: stream.id,
-                                       payload: "".push_uint16(0))
+        stream.receive_frame Frame.craft(type: :window_update,
+                                         stream_id: stream.id,
+                                         payload: "".push_uint16(0))
       }
     }
   end
@@ -52,18 +50,11 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_flow_control_dont_send_data_exceeding_send_window
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       con = stream.connection
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings,
-                       stream_id: 0,
-                       payload: "".push_uint16(Frame::SETTINGS_TYPE[:initial_window_size])
-                                  .push_uint32(4*2+1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(initial_window_size: 4 * 2 + 1).assemble
       # only extend stream window size
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                       stream_id: stream.id,
-                       payload: "".push_uint32(100)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(stream.id, 100).assemble
       10.times { |i|
-        stream.send Frame.new(type: :data,
-                              stream_id: stream.id,
-                              payload: "".push_uint32(i))
+        stream.send Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "".push_uint32(i))
       }
 
       last = sent_frames.last
@@ -74,23 +65,14 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_flow_control_dont_send_data_upto_updated_send_window
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       con = stream.connection
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings,
-                       stream_id: 0,
-                       payload: "".push_uint16(Frame::SETTINGS_TYPE[:initial_window_size])
-                                  .push_uint32(4*2+1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(initial_window_size: 4 * 2 + 1).assemble
       10.times { |i|
-        stream.send Frame.new(type: :data,
-                              stream_id: stream.id,
-                              payload: "".push_uint32(i))
+        stream.send Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "".push_uint32(i))
       }
       # only extend stream window size
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                       stream_id: stream.id,
-                       payload: "".push_uint32(100)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(stream.id, 100).assemble
       # and extend connection window size
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                       stream_id: 0,
-                       payload: "".push_uint32(4*2+1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(0, 4 * 2 + 1).assemble
 
       last = sent_frames.last
       assert_equal(3, last.payload.uint32)
@@ -100,24 +82,14 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_flow_control_update_send_initial_window_size
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       con = stream.connection
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings,
-                       stream_id: 0,
-                       payload: "".push_uint16(Frame::SETTINGS_TYPE[:initial_window_size])
-                                  .push_uint32(4*2+1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(initial_window_size: 4 * 2 + 1).assemble
       10.times { |i|
-        stream.send Frame.new(type: :data,
-                              stream_id: stream.id,
-                              payload: "".push_uint32(i))
+        stream.send Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "".push_uint32(i))
       }
       # only extend stream window size
-      con << Frame.new(type: :window_update,
-                       stream_id: stream.id,
-                       payload: "".push_uint32(100)).assemble
+      con << Frame::WindowUpdate.new(stream.id, 100).assemble
       # and update initial window size
-      con << Frame.new(type: :settings,
-                       stream_id: 0,
-                       payload: "".push_uint16(Frame::SETTINGS_TYPE[:initial_window_size])
-                                  .push_uint32(4*4+1)).assemble
+      con << Frame::Settings.new(initial_window_size: 4 * 4 + 1).assemble
 
       last = sent_frames.reverse.find { |f| f.type == :data }
       assert_equal(3, last.payload.uint32)
@@ -135,17 +107,17 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
 
     prepare.call { |con, stream|
       con.window_update(500) # extend only connection
-      con << Frame.headers(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::Headers.new(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
       assert_stream_error(:flow_control_error) {
-        con << Frame.data(stream.id, "\x00" * 30, end_stream: true).assemble
+        con << Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "\x00" * 30, end_stream: true).assemble
       }
     }
 
     prepare.call { |con, stream|
       stream.window_update(500) # extend only stream
-      con << Frame.headers(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::Headers.new(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
       assert_connection_error(:flow_control_error) {
-        con << Frame.data(stream.id, "\x00" * 30, end_stream: true).assemble
+        con << Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "\x00" * 30, end_stream: true).assemble
       }
     }
   end
@@ -155,8 +127,8 @@ class FlowControlTest < Minitest::Test
       con = stream.connection
       con.settings(initial_window_size: 24)
       stream.window_update(1)
-      con << Frame.headers(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
-      con << Frame.data(stream.id, "\x00" * 20, end_stream: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::Headers.new(stream.id, "", end_headers: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::Data.new(stream.id, "\x00" * 20, end_stream: true).assemble
       assert_equal(4, con.recv_remaining_window)
       assert_equal(5, stream.recv_remaining_window)
       con.settings(initial_window_size: 60)
diff --git a/test/plum/test_frame.rb b/test/plum/test_frame.rb
index 4795627..40cde01 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_frame.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_frame.rb
@@ -34,17 +34,17 @@ class FrameTest < Minitest::Test
 
   # Frame#assemble
   def test_assemble
-    frame = Plum::Frame.new(type: :push_promise, flags: [:end_headers, :padded], stream_id: 0x678, payload: "payl")
+    frame = Plum::Frame.craft(type: :push_promise, flags: [:end_headers, :padded], stream_id: 0x678, payload: "payl")
     bin = "\x00\x00\x04" << "\x05" << "\x0c" << "\x00\x00\x06\x78" << "payl"
     assert_equal(bin, frame.assemble)
   end
 
-  # Frame#generate
-  def test_new
-    frame = Plum::Frame.new(type: :data,
-                            stream_id: 12345,
-                            flags: [:end_stream, :padded],
-                            payload: "ぺいろーど".encode(Encoding::UTF_8))
+  # Frame.craft
+  def test_new_raw
+    frame = Plum::Frame.craft(type: :data,
+                              stream_id: 12345,
+                              flags: [:end_stream, :padded],
+                              payload: "ぺいろーど".encode(Encoding::UTF_8))
     assert_equal("ぺいろーど", frame.payload)
     assert_equal("ぺいろーど".bytesize, frame.length)
     assert_equal(:data, frame.type) # DATA
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ class FrameTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_inspect
-    frame = Plum::Frame.new(type: :data,
-                            stream_id: 12345,
-                            flags: [:end_stream, :padded],
-                            payload: "ぺいろーど")
+    frame = Plum::Frame.craft(type: :data,
+                              stream_id: 12345,
+                              flags: [:end_stream, :padded],
+                              payload: "ぺいろーど")
     frame.inspect
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/plum/test_frame_factory.rb b/test/plum/test_frame_factory.rb
index 109fb95..a4253ba 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_frame_factory.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_frame_factory.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ require "test_helper"
 using Plum::BinaryString
 class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_rst_stream
-    frame = Frame.rst_stream(123, :stream_closed)
+    frame = Frame::RstStream.new(123, :stream_closed)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :rst_stream,
                  stream_id: 123)
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_goaway
-    frame = Frame.goaway(0x55, :stream_closed, "debug")
+    frame = Frame::Goaway.new(0x55, :stream_closed, "debug")
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :goaway,
                  stream_id: 0,
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_settings
-    frame = Frame.settings(header_table_size: 0x1010)
+    frame = Frame::Settings.new(header_table_size: 0x1010)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :settings,
                  stream_id: 0,
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_settings_ack
-    frame = Frame.settings(:ack)
+    frame = Frame::Settings.new(:ack)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :settings,
                  stream_id: 0,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_ping
-    frame = Frame.ping("12345678")
+    frame = Frame::Ping.new("12345678")
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :ping,
                  stream_id: 0,
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_ping_ack
-    frame = Frame.ping(:ack, "12345678")
+    frame = Frame::Ping.new(:ack, "12345678")
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :ping,
                  stream_id: 0,
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_continuation
-    frame = Frame.continuation(123, "abc", end_headers: true)
+    frame = Frame::Continuation.new(123, "abc", end_headers: true)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :continuation,
                  stream_id: 123,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_data
-    frame = Frame.data(123, "abc".force_encoding("UTF-8"))
+    frame = Frame::Data.new(123, "abc".force_encoding("UTF-8"))
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :data,
                  stream_id: 123,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_headers
-    frame = Frame.headers(123, "abc", end_stream: true)
+    frame = Frame::Headers.new(123, "abc", end_stream: true)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :headers,
                  stream_id: 123,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class FrameFactoryTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_push_promise
-    frame = Frame.push_promise(345, 2, "abc", end_headers: true)
+    frame = Frame::PushPromise.new(345, 2, "abc", end_headers: true)
     assert_frame(frame,
                  type: :push_promise,
                  stream_id: 345,
diff --git a/test/plum/test_frame_utils.rb b/test/plum/test_frame_utils.rb
index 7ad869f..3851f6a 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_frame_utils.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_frame_utils.rb
@@ -2,19 +2,14 @@ require "test_helper"
 
 class FrameUtilsTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_frame_enough_short
-    frame = Frame.new(type: :data, stream_id: 1, payload: "123")
+    frame = Frame::Data.new(1, "123")
     ret = frame.to_enum(:split, 3).to_a
     assert_equal(1, ret.size)
     assert_equal("123", ret.first.payload)
   end
 
-  def test_frame_unknown
-    frame = Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 1, payload: "123")
-    assert_raises(NotImplementedError) { frame.split(2) }
-  end
-
   def test_frame_data
-    frame = Frame.new(type: :data, flags: [:end_stream], stream_id: 1, payload: "12345")
+    frame = Frame::Data.new(1, "12345", end_stream: true)
     ret = frame.to_enum(:split, 2).to_a
     assert_equal(3, ret.size)
     assert_equal("12", ret.first.payload)
@@ -23,8 +18,8 @@ class FrameUtilsTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_equal([:end_stream], ret.last.flags)
   end
 
-  def test_frame_headers
-    frame = Frame.new(type: :headers, flags: [:priority, :end_stream, :end_headers], stream_id: 1, payload: "1234567")
+  def test_headers_split
+    frame = Frame.craft(type: :headers, flags: [:priority, :end_stream, :end_headers], stream_id: 1, payload: "1234567")
     ret = frame.to_enum(:split, 3).to_a
     assert_equal(3, ret.size)
     assert_equal("123", ret[0].payload)
@@ -35,9 +30,23 @@ class FrameUtilsTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_equal([:end_headers], ret[2].flags)
   end
 
+  def test_push_promise_split
+    frame = Frame::PushPromise.new(1, 2, "1234567", end_headers: true)
+    ret = frame.to_enum(:split, 3).to_a
+    assert_equal(4, ret.size)
+    assert_equal("\x00\x00\x00", ret[0].payload)
+    assert_equal([], ret[0].flags)
+    assert_equal("\x0212", ret[1].payload)
+    assert_equal([], ret[1].flags)
+    assert_equal("345", ret[2].payload)
+    assert_equal([], ret[2].flags)
+    assert_equal("67", ret[3].payload)
+    assert_equal([:end_headers], ret[3].flags)
+  end
+
   def test_frame_parse_settings
     # :header_table_size => 0x1010, :enable_push => 0x00, :header_table_size => 0x1011 (overwrite)
-    frame = Frame.new(type: :settings, flags: [], stream_id: 0, payload: "\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x11")
+    frame = Frame.parse!("\x00\x00\x12\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00" "\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x10\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x10\x11")
     ret = frame.parse_settings
     assert_equal(0x1011, ret[:header_table_size])
     assert_equal(0x0000, ret[:enable_push])
diff --git a/test/plum/test_stream.rb b/test/plum/test_stream.rb
index fc1e94b..db681e7 100644
--- a/test/plum/test_stream.rb
+++ b/test/plum/test_stream.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ class StreamTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_illegal_frame_type
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       assert_connection_error(:protocol_error) {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type: :goaway, stream_id: stream.id, payload: "\x00\x00\x00\x00"))
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame::Goaway.new(0, :no_error))
       }
     }
   end
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class StreamTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_stream_unknown_frame_type
     open_new_stream { |stream|
       assert_no_error {
-        stream.receive_frame(Frame.new(type_value: 0x0f, stream_id: stream.id, payload: "\x00\x00\x00\x00"))
+        stream.receive_frame(Frame::Unknown.new(0x0f, flags_value: 0, stream_id: stream.id, payload: "\x00\x00\x00\x00"))
       }
     }
   end
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class StreamTest < Minitest::Test
       }
 
       assert_stream_error(:frame_size_error) {
-        con << Frame.headers(1, "", end_headers: true).assemble
+        con << Frame::Headers.new(1, "", end_headers: true).assemble
       }
 
       last = sent_frames.last
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ class StreamTest < Minitest::Test
       stream = type = nil
       con.on(:rst_stream) { |s, t| stream = s; type = t }
 
-      con << Frame.headers(1, "", end_headers: true).assemble
-      con << Frame.rst_stream(1, :frame_size_error).assemble
+      con << Frame::Headers.new(1, "", end_headers: true).assemble
+      con << Frame::RstStream.new(1, :frame_size_error).assemble
 
       assert_equal(1, stream.id)
       assert_equal(:frame_size_error, type)
diff --git a/test/utils/client.rb b/test/utils/client.rb
index be8d78d..f8937e2 100644
--- a/test/utils/client.rb
+++ b/test/utils/client.rb
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ module ServerUtils
   def open_client_connection(scheme = :https)
     io = StringIO.new
     @_ccon = ClientConnection.new(io.method(:write))
-    @_ccon << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0, flags: [:ack]).assemble
-    @_ccon << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0).assemble
+    @_ccon << Frame::Settings.new(:ack).assemble
+    @_ccon << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
     if block_given?
       yield @_ccon
     else
diff --git a/test/utils/server.rb b/test/utils/server.rb
index 5f1baa7..001a3fe 100644
--- a/test/utils/server.rb
+++ b/test/utils/server.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module ServerUtils
     @_io = StringIO.new
     @_con = (scheme == :https ? ServerConnection : HTTPServerConnection).new(@_io.method(:write))
     @_con << Connection::CLIENT_CONNECTION_PREFACE
-    @_con << Frame.new(type: :settings, stream_id: 0).assemble
+    @_con << Frame::Settings.new.assemble
     if block_given?
       yield @_con
     else